Human Diseases & Causes

1. What is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body, leading to the formation of tumors?

   a) Tuberculosis

   b) Malaria

   c) Cancer

   d) Diabetes

   Answer: c) Cancer

2. Which type of cancer affects the blood and bone marrow, leading to abnormal production of blood cells?

   a) Leukemia

   b) Breast cancer

   c) Lung cancer

   d) Prostate cancer

   Answer: a) Leukemia

3. What is the infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body?

   a) Influenza

   b) Tuberculosis (TB)

   c) Hepatitis

   d) Cholera

   Answer: b) Tuberculosis (TB)

4. Which type of cancer originates in the skin cells and is often associated with exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation?

   a) Lung cancer

   b) Melanoma

   c) Colon cancer

   d) Pancreatic cancer

   Answer: b) Melanoma

5. What is the most common type of cancer in women, usually forming in the milk ducts or lobules of the breast?

   a) Ovarian cancer

   b) Cervical cancer

   c) Breast cancer

   d) Uterine cancer

   Answer: c) Breast cancer

6. Which infectious disease is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), leading to a weakened immune system?

   a) Hepatitis

   b) Malaria

   c) Tuberculosis

   d) Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

   Answer: d) Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

7. What is the type of cancer that starts in the cells of the lungs and is often associated with smoking?

   a) Liver cancer

   b) Lung cancer

   c) Pancreatic cancer

   d) Brain cancer

   Answer: b) Lung cancer

8. Which type of cancer affects the colon or rectum, and early detection can be achieved through regular screenings like colonoscopy?

   a) Breast cancer

   b) Colon cancer

   c) Leukemia

   d) Prostate cancer

   Answer: b) Colon cancer

9. What is the chronic inflammatory lung disease that narrows the airways and makes breathing difficult?

   a) Asthma

   b) Tuberculosis

   c) Emphysema

   d) Pneumonia

   Answer: a) Asthma

10. Which type of cancer affects the prostate gland in men and is one of the most common cancers in males?

    a) Prostate cancer

    b) Liver cancer

    c) Brain cancer

    d) Ovarian cancer

    Answer: a) Prostate cancer

11.Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?

   a) Malaria

   b) Tuberculosis

   c) Cholera

   d) Influenza

   Answer: d) Influenza

12. Which disease is characterized by the inflammation of the airways, leading to difficulty breathing and coughing?

   a) Pneumonia

   b) Asthma

   c) Bronchitis

   d) Influenza

   Answer: b) Asthma

13. What is the main mode of transmission for the Ebola virus?

   a) Mosquito bites

   b) Contaminated food and water

   c) Airborne droplets

   d) Contact with infected bodily fluids

   Answer: d) Contact with infected bodily fluids

14. Which of the following is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs?

   a) Hepatitis B

   b) Tuberculosis

   c) HIV/AIDS

   d) Malaria

   Answer: b) Tuberculosis

15. What is the causative agent of COVID-19, the disease responsible for the 2019-2021 pandemic?

   a) Influenza A virus

   b) SARS-CoV-2

   c) HIV

   d) Ebola virus

   Answer: b) SARS-CoV-2

16. Which disease is transmitted by the Aedes mosquito and causes symptoms like fever, joint pain, and rash?

   a) Malaria

   b) Dengue fever

   c) Cholera

   d) Measles

   Answer: b) Dengue fever

17. The common cold is usually caused by which type of virus?

   a) Influenza virus

   b) Coronavirus

   c) Rhinovirus

   d) Varicella-zoster virus

   Answer: c) Rhinovirus

18. What is the primary mode of transmission for the Zika virus?

   a) Mosquito bites

   b) Contaminated food and water

   c) Airborne droplets

   d) Sexual contact

   Answer: a) Mosquito bites

19. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that primarily affects which organ?

   a) Heart

   b) Liver

   c) Lungs

   d) Kidneys

   Answer: b) Liver

20. Which of the following diseases is caused by a parasitic protozoan transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes?

    a) Tuberculosis

    b) Cholera

    c) Malaria

    d) Dengue fever

    Answer: c) Malaria

21. Which disease is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and leads to severe diarrhea and dehydration?

    a) Influenza

    b) Tuberculosis

    c) Cholera

    d) Malaria

    Answer: c) Cholera

22. What is the primary mode of transmission for HIV, the virus responsible for AIDS?

    a) Mosquito bites

    b) Airborne droplets

    c) Sexual contact

    d) Contaminated food and water

    Answer: c) Sexual contact

23. Measles is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects which body system?

    a) Respiratory system

    b) Digestive system

    c) Nervous system

    d) Immune system

    Answer: a) Respiratory system

24. Which disease is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae and mainly affects the skin and nerves?

    a) Leprosy

    b) Tuberculosis

    c) Influenza

    d) Cholera

    Answer: a) Leprosy

25. Which of the following diseases is primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water, causing symptoms like diarrhea and vomiting?

    a) Influenza

    b) Tuberculosis

    c) Cholera

    d) Malaria

    Answer: c) Cholera

26. What is the common name for Varicella-zoster virus, which causes chickenpox during the initial infection and shingles later in life?

    a) Measles virus

    b) Herpes simplex virus

    c) Human papillomavirus

    d) Epstein-Barr virus

    Answer: b) Herpes simplex virus

27. Which disease is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and is commonly associated with fleas and rodents?

    a) Typhoid fever

    b) Bubonic plague

    c) Syphilis

    d) Cholera

    Answer: b) Bubonic plague

28. Polio is a viral infection that primarily affects which part of the body?

    a) Heart

    b) Lungs

    c) Nervous system

    d) Liver

    Answer: c) Nervous system

29. Which disease is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and leads to a weakened immune system?

    a) Tuberculosis

    b) Influenza

    c) HIV/AIDS

    d) Dengue fever

    Answer: c) HIV/AIDS

30. Which of the following diseases is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis and primarily affects the lungs?

    a) Tuberculosis

    b) Cholera

    c) Influenza

    d) Malaria

    Answer: a) Tuberculosis

31.Which disease is caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani and is characterized by muscle stiffness and spasms?

    a) Tetanus

    b) Pertussis (Whooping cough)

    c) Mumps

    d) Rubella (German measles)

    Answer: a) Tetanus

32. Which viral disease is transmitted through the bite of an infected animal, causing symptoms like fever, headache, and muscle pain?

    a) Rabies

    b) Lyme disease

    c) Chikungunya

    d) Zika virus disease

    Answer: a) Rabies

33. What is the primary mode of transmission for the SARS-CoV (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) virus during the 2002-2003 outbreak?

    a) Mosquito bites

    b) Airborne droplets

    c) Contact with infected bodily fluids

    d) Consumption of contaminated food

    Answer: b) Airborne droplets

34. Which disease is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis and can affect both humans and animals?

    a) Anthrax

    b) Leprosy

    c) Cholera

    d) Typhoid fever

    Answer: a) Anthrax

35. Which of the following diseases is characterized by inflammation of the liver and can be caused by various viruses, including Hepatitis A, B, and C?

    a) Hepatitis

    b) Cholera

    c) Tuberculosis

    d) Malaria

    Answer: a) Hepatitis

36. What is the main mode of transmission for the H5N1 avian influenza virus (bird flu) to humans?

    a) Mosquito bites

    b) Airborne droplets

    c) Contact with infected birds or surfaces

    d) Consuming undercooked poultry products

    Answer: c) Contact with infected birds or surfaces

37. Which viral disease is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito and can cause severe birth defects in newborns if contracted during pregnancy?

    a) Measles

    b) Zika virus disease

    c) Chickenpox

    d) Typhoid fever

    Answer: b) Zika virus disease

38. Which disease is caused by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and leads to muscle weakness and paralysis?

    a) Botulism

    b) Mumps

    c) Pertussis (Whooping cough)

    d) Rubella (German measles)

    Answer: a) Botulism

39. What is the primary mode of transmission for the H1N1 influenza virus (swine flu) during the 2009 pandemic?

    a) Mosquito bites

    b)Airborne droplets

    c) Contact with infected pigs

    d) Consuming undercooked pork products

    Answer: b) Airborne droplets

40. Which of the following diseases is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and is transmitted through the bites of infected fleas?

    a) Cholera

    b) Typhoid fever

    c) Syphilis

    d) Bubonic plague

    Answer: d) Bubonic plague

Cures:

41. What is the ultimate goal of medical research in tackling diseases?

   a) Developing effective vaccines

   b) Identifying disease risk factors

   c) Discovering disease cures

   d) Providing palliative care

   Answer: c) Discovering disease cures

42. Which of the following factors plays a crucial role in finding cures for diseases?

   a) Availability of over-the-counter medications

   b) Government funding for research

   c) Use of complementary medicine

   d) Internet self-diagnosis

   Answer: b) Government funding for research

43. What term describes the process of conducting experiments and studies to evaluate potential disease treatments?

   a) Placebo effect

   b) Clinical trials

   c) Home remedies

   d) Alternative therapies

   Answer: b) Clinical trials

44. Which of the following statements is true regarding disease cures?

   a) All diseases have known cures

   b) Disease cures are available only for infectious diseases

   c) Disease cures are developed through scientific research and testing

   d) Disease cures are primarily based on folklore and superstitions

   Answer: c) Disease cures are developed through scientific research and testing

45. What is the term for a substance that stimulates the body’s immune system to produce a protective response against a disease-causing agent?

   a) Antibiotic

   b) Antiviral

   c) Vaccine

   d) Analgesic

   Answer: c) Vaccine

46. Which branch of medicine focuses on developing personalized treatments for specific individuals based on their genetic makeup?

   a) Oncology

   b) Immunology

   c) Pharmacology

   d) Precision medicine

   Answer: d) Precision medicine

47. Which of the following factors can contribute to the challenges in finding cures for certain diseases?

   a) Lack of access to medical facilities

   b) Genetic predisposition

   c) Environmental factors

   d) All of the above

   Answer: d) All of the above

48. What is the term for a medical procedure that replaces a diseased organ with a healthy one from a donor?

   a) Vaccination

   b) Transplantation

   c) Chemotherapy

   d) Radiotherapy

   Answer: b) Transplantation

49. What role does early diagnosis play in the effectiveness of disease treatments?

   a) Early diagnosis does not impact treatment outcomes

   b) Early diagnosis increases treatment success rates

   c) Early diagnosis leads to more severe symptoms

   d) Early diagnosis is not essential for infectious diseases

   Answer: b) Early diagnosis increases treatment success rates

50. Which of the following is a common approach to managing chronic diseases without a definitive cure?

    a) Surgery

    b) Physical therapy

    c) Palliative care

    d) Radiology

    Answer: c) Palliative care

Covid & Pandemic

1.What is a pandemic?

   a) A contagious disease affecting a large area or multiple countries

   b) A local outbreak of a disease

   c) A non-communicable disease affecting a small population

   d) A disease caused by bacteria

   Answer: a) A contagious disease affecting a large area or multiple countries

2. Which of the following is an example of a pandemic disease?

   a) Seasonal flu

   b) Common cold

   c) Food poisoning

   d) Malaria

   Answer: a) Seasonal flu

3. The term “pandemic” is most commonly associated with which type of disease?

   a) Bacterial infections

   b) Viral infections

   c) Parasitic infections

   d) Fungal infections

   Answer: b) Viral infections

4. When is a disease considered a pandemic?

   a) When it spreads to multiple continents

   b) When it affects a large number of people in one country

   c) When it causes severe illness in a small region

   d) When it is transmitted through the air

   Answer: a) When it spreads to multiple continents

5. Which organization is responsible for declaring a pandemic?

   a) World Health Organization (WHO)

   b) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

   c) United Nations (UN)

   d) European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)

   Answer: a) World Health Organization (WHO)

6. What was the last global pandemic before the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020?

   a) H1N1 influenza (Swine flu)

   b) Ebola

   c) Zika virus

   d) SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)

   Answer: a) H1N1 influenza (Swine flu)

7. Which pandemic occurred in 1918 and is known as one of the deadliest in history?

   a) H1N1 influenza (Spanish flu)

   b) Black Death

   c) Smallpox

   d) Cholera

   Answer: a) H1N1 influenza (Spanish flu)

8. COVID-19 is caused by which virus?

   a) SARS-CoV-2

   b) H1N1

   c) HIV

   d) Ebola virus

   Answer: a) SARS-CoV-2

9. What was the first country to report cases of COVID-19?

   a) Italy

   b) China

   c) United States

   d) Brazil

   Answer: b) China

10. How is COVID-19 primarily transmitted between people?

    a) Mosquito bites

    b) Airborne droplets

    c) Contact with infected animals

    d) Respiratory droplets from coughs and sneezes

    Answer: d) Respiratory droplets from coughs and sneezes

11. What is the incubation period for COVID-19, the time between exposure to the virus and the onset of symptoms?

    a) 1-2 days

    b) 5-7 days

    c) 10-14 days

    d) 21-28 days

    Answer: c) 10-14 days

12. Which preventive measure is recommended to reduce the spread of a pandemic virus like COVID-19?

    a) Washing hands with soap and water regularly

    b) Using antibiotics

    c) Taking vitamin C supplements

    d) Using face masks only indoors

    Answer: a) Washing hands with soap and water regularly

13. Which group is considered more vulnerable to severe outcomes from COVID-19?

    a) Young children

    b) Teenagers

    c) Young adults

    d) Older adults and individuals with underlying health conditions

    Answer: d) Older adults and individuals with underlying health conditions

14. What is “herd immunity” in the context of pandemics?

    a) The immunity of animals to the virus

    b) The immunity of healthcare workers to the virus

    c) The immunity of a large portion of a population to the virus, slowing its spread

    d) The immunity of a single individual to the virus

    Answer: c) The immunity of a large portion of a population to the virus, slowing its spread

15. Which pandemic led to the implementation of quarantine measures to control its spread?

    a) H1N1 influenza (Spanish flu)

    b) Black Death

    c) COVID-19

    d) SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)

    Answer: b) Black Death

16. The pandemic of the H1N1 influenza virus (Spanish flu) occurred during which years?

    a) 1920-1922

    b) 1957-1958

    c) 1918-1920

    d) 2009-2010

    Answer: c) 1918-1920

17. Which of the following measures is NOT recommended during a pandemic outbreak?

    a) Practicing social distancing

    b) Traveling to affected regions to build immunity

    c) Wearing face masks in public settings

    d) Staying informed with reliable sources of information

    Answer: b) Traveling to affected regions to build immunity

18. Which type of pandemic occurs when a new strain of a virus emerges, to which the population has little to no immunity?

    a) Recurring pandemic

    b) Endemic pandemic

    c) Zoonotic pandemic

    d) Novel pandemic

    Answer: d) Novel pandemic

19. The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic on which date?

    a) January 31, 2020

    b) March 11, 2020

    c) December 31, 2019

    d) February 29, 2020

    Answer: b) March 11, 2020

20. Which pandemic, known as the “Asian flu,” occurred in 1957-1958?

    a) H1N1 influenza (Spanish flu)

    b) Asian flu

    c) COVID-19

    d) SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)

    Answer: b) Asian flu